Showing posts with label News and Opinion. Show all posts
Showing posts with label News and Opinion. Show all posts

Sunday, June 13, 2010

Two Weddings, a Divorce and ‘Glee’

By FRANK RICH

THOSE of us left off the guest list could only fantasize about Rush Limbaugh’s nuptials last weekend. Now cruising into marriage No. 4 — an impressive total for a guy not quite 60 — Rush staged a lavish luau at the Breakers in Palm Beach. The revelers included what some might regard as the Rat Pack from hell — Sean Hannity, Rudy Giuliani, James Carville and Clarence Thomas. The scriptural readings remain a mystery. But we did learn the identity of the pop deity anointed as the wedding singer. That would be Elton John, whose last, albeit second-class, wedding was a civil union with David Furnish in 2005.
Why would America’s right-wing radio king hire an openly gay entertainer to star at his wedding? And why would one of the world’s foremost AIDS activists sing “Can You Feel the Love Tonight” for a gay-baiting provocateur who has trivialized AIDS and speculated that same-sex marriage could lead people to marry dogs? Sir Elton’s fee was reported to be a cool $1 million. Which goes to show that pop music and cash have the power to make even stranger bedfellows than politics.

June is America’s month for weddings, and were we so inclined, we could bemoan Limbaugh, an idol to the family-values crowd, for marrying a woman barely half his age. Alternatively, we could lament Al and Tipper Gore’s divorce, which has produced so many cries of shock you’d think they were the toy bride and groom atop a wedding cake rather than actual flesh-and-blood people capable of free will. But let’s refrain from such moralistic hand-wringing. The old truth remains: We never know what goes on in anyone else’s marriage, and it’s none of our business. Here’s a toast to happiness for the Gores and Limbaughs alike, wherever life takes them.

But there is a shadow over marriage in America just the same. The Gores and Limbaughs are free to marry, for better or for worse, and free to enjoy all the rights (and make all the mistakes) that marriage entails. Gay and lesbian couples are still fighting for those rights. That’s why the most significant marital event of June 2010 is the one taking place in San Francisco this Wednesday, when a Federal District Court judge is scheduled to hear the closing arguments in Perry v. Schwarzenegger, the landmark case challenging Proposition 8, California’s same-sex marriage ban. A verdict will soon follow, setting off an appeals process that is likely to land in the Supreme Court, possibly by the 2011-12 term.

When the former Bush v. Gore legal adversaries, Ted Olson and David Boies, teamed up to mount the assault on Prop 8, it was front-page news. But you may not know much about the trial that followed unless you made a point of finding out as it unfolded in January. Their efforts in this case, unlike the 2000 election battle, were denied the essential publicity oxygen of television. The judge had planned to post video of the proceedings daily on YouTube, but the Prop 8 forces won a 5-to-4 Supreme Court ruling to keep cameras out.

Their stated reason for opposing a television record was fear that their witnesses might be harassed. But in the end the Prop 8 defenders mustered only two witnesses, just one of them a controversial culture warrior. That “expert” was David Blankenhorn, president of the so-called Institute for American Values. Blankenhorn holds no degree in such seemingly relevant fields as psychology, psychiatry or sociology. But his pretrial research did include reading a specious treatise by George Rekers, the antigay evangelist now notorious for his recent 10-day European trip with a young male companion procured from Rentboy.com. And Blankenhorn’s testimony relies on the same sweeping generalization as Rekers — that children raised by two biological parents are so advantaged that all alternatives should be shunned.

What was the unqualified Blankenhorn doing at the Prop 8 trial? Like Rekers, who had a lucrative history of testifying for pay in legal cases attacking gay civil rights, he also profits from his propaganda. Public documents, including tax returns, reveal that Blankenhorn’s institute, financed by such right-wing stalwarts as the Bradley and Scaife foundations, paid him $247,500 in base salary in 2008, the most recent year for which data is available, and another $70,000 to his wife. Not a bad payday for a self-professed arbiter of American marital values who under oath described his sole peer-reviewed academic paper (from the University of Warwick) as “a study of two cabinetmakers’ unions in 19th-century Britain.” That the Prop 8 proponents employed him as their star witness suggests that no actual experts could be found (or rented) to match his disparagement of gay parents.

You can’t blame the Prop 8 advocates for wanting to keep Blankenhorn off camera. Boies demolished him during cross-examination. (Read the transcripts at equalrightsfoundation.org.) Another likely motive for opposing cameras at the trial was to shield viewers from the sympathetic gay plaintiffs — ordinary tax-paying Americans whose families, including four children, were often in the courtroom.

Gays are far from the only Americans still facing discrimination, but as Boies said when I interviewed him about the Prop 8 case last week, the ban on same-sex marriage “is the last area in which the state is taking an active role in enforcing discrimination.” And though some — including Elton John, of all people — have claimed that civil unions are tantamount to marriage and remedy marital inequality, that is a canard.

Domestic partnerships and equal economic benefits aren’t antidotes, Boies explains, because as long as gay Americans are denied the same right to marry as everyone else, they are branded as sub-citizens, less equal and less deserving than everyone else. That government-sanctioned stigma inevitably leaves them vulnerable to other slights and discrimination, both subtle and explicit. The damage is particularly acute for children, who must not only wonder why their parents are regarded as defective by the law but must also bear this scarlet letter of inferiority when among their peers.

Boies doesn’t dispute the consensus that the endgame in this case will most likely fall to Anthony Kennedy, the Supreme Court’s reigning swing justice. Kennedy wrote the eloquent majority opinion in Lawrence v. Texas, the ruling that finally ended the criminalization of gay sex in 2003. But where he may come down in Perry v. Schwarzenegger is anybody’s guess.

What fuels Boies’s hope for a just resolution is his faith in America itself. “This country is a culture of equality,” he says. “We’ve got that baked into our collective American soul.” He observes that attitudes continue to change fast on gay rights and that the approval rate for legalizing same-sex marriage — up to 47 percent in a Washington Post poll in February — is far higher than the approval was for interracial marriage (20 percent) even a year after the Supreme Court ruled it legal in 1967.

It’s not news that same-sex marriage is a settled issue for most young people. But the growing adult acceptance of unconventional family models can be found in the phenomenon of “Glee,” the prime-time hit on Rupert Murdoch’s Fox, no less, that unexpectedly became this year’s most watched new scripted series on television for the 18-to-49 demographic. “Glee” recounts the lives of students in a hypercompetitive show choir at an Ohio high school, and it’s addictive for many reasons that have nothing to do with sexual politics. But what’s exceptional is the way it mashes up different kinds of American families from week to week much as it mashes up musical genres ranging from vintage rock to hip-hop to Lady Gaga to show tunes in its performance sequences.

The leading teenage characters in “Glee” have single parents (both widowed), absentee parents and, in one case, two gay dads. The teenagers suffer, struggle and occasionally triumph like any others, but along the way we see how families reconfigured by death, divorce and sexual orientation can be as loving, nurturing and, yes, as dysfunctional as any other. The landscape is recognizable as the country we actually live in. Even if family-values zealots do retain the ability to prevent America from watching the Prop 8 trial, we’re lucky that the era when they could banish a show like “Glee” from network television seems to have passed.

Dramatically enough, “Glee” generated an unexpected real-life story last weekend to match its fictional plots. The Times’s Sunday wedding pages chronicled the Massachusetts same-sex marriage of Jane Lynch, the actress who steals the show as Sue Sylvester, the cheerleading coach who is the students’ comic nemesis. It’s a sunny article until you read that Lynch’s spouse, a clinical psychologist named Lara Embry, had to fight a legal battle to gain visitation rights with her 10-year-old adoptive daughter from a previous relationship. That battle, which Dr. Embry ultimately won, was required by Florida’s draconian laws against gay adoption — laws that were enacted during Anita Bryant’s homophobic crusades of the 1970s and more recently defended in court, for an expert witness fee of $120,000, by the Rev. Rekers of Rentboy.com renown.

We’ve come a long way in a short time, but as the Embry case exemplifies, glee for gay people in America still does not match “Glee” on Fox. Until the law catches up to the culture, the collective American soul should find even June’s wedding Champagne a bit flat.
Source:http://www.nytimes.com

Saturday, June 12, 2010

20 Things You Should Never Buy Used

By USNews.com

We all love scoring great deals on Craigslist and Ebay, but many second-hand purchases are actually terrible deals. Stay clear of these 20 used items that will end up costing you money -- or even endanger your health.
1. Cribs and children's furniture: If there's any chance that you'll put your children at risk by buying used, just buy new. Used children's furniture, especially cribs, can be a safety hazard because you can't be certain of a potential recall or if the crib was installed correctly. (See also 7 Baby Items You Don't Need to Buy.)

2. Car seats: Even if a used car seat looks OK, damaged car seats aren't uncommon. Considering that safety technology improves every year -- and the fact that car seats can go for as little as $50 -- buying new is usually the better option.

3. Bicycle helmets: Usually, a crash would only crush the foam inside the helmet casing, so the damage to the helmet may not be visible. However, since helmets are meant to protect against one accident only, buying new would be a safer bet.

4. Tires: Sometimes it's hard to tell if used tires were once part of a totaled wreck. If they have been in an accident, they're bound to be unstable and unreliable. Putting your safety at risk for the sake of saving a few bucks just doesn't add up.

5. Laptops: Because of their portability, laptops are prone to all sorts of abuse and problems. When you buy a used laptop, unless it's refurbished, you have no idea what it's been through or when important parts will die on you. You also don't get the warranties and tech support that come with buying new.

6. Software: Most software comes with a serial number that you register with the company when you activate the software on your computer. If the serial number on your use software has already been registered, you can't use it again.

7. Plasma and HDTVs: The cost for fixing or replacing the parts on plasma or HDTVs is high. Sometimes, it costs as much as buying a new TV. Considering the repair costs, you'd want to get an extended warranty, but that isn't an option if you buy your TV used.

8. DVD players: While it's smart to buy used DVDs, this doesn't apply to DVD players. DVD players have lasers that will eventually wear out. The cost to repair or replace may cost more than the player is worth.

9. Digital and video cameras: Like laptops, used digital and video cameras are likely to have been dropped and banged around. It may not be obvious, but once the damage kicks in, it'll be expensive to repair. If you know what to look for in a digital camera, you can get a great new camera without breaking the bank.

10. Speakers and microphones: Speakers and microphones are sensitive audio equipment that don't stand up well to blasting and mishandling. Like laptops and cameras, the damage may not be obvious, but their performance would be severely compromised.

11. Camera lenses: An SLR camera lens is the most expensive part of a camera. It also directly affects the quality of your images. Any damage to the lens, however slight, will show up in your photos.

12. Photo light bulbs: Not the ordinary light bulbs you use at home. We're talking about the light bulbs used with photography equipment. They're relatively expensive, but their life span is short enough that you likely won't get much use out of them if you buy second-hand.

13. Mattresses and bedding: Just think: You may be sleeping with other people's mold, mites, bacteria, and bodily fluids. Besides, even the really good mattresses are only supposed to last eight to 10 years, and it's hard know for sure how old a used mattress may be.

14. Swimsuits and undergarments: This is probably a no-brainer, but it needs to be said: Do not, do not, do not buy used swimsuits or undergarments. They're worn too close to the body -- someone else's body -- to consider buying used.

15. Wet suits: Wet suits lose the ability to keep you warm over time. If you're a scuba diver, or the last owner was one, the constant change in water pressure will eventually wear out the wet suit and make it more likely to tear.

16. Shoes: If you get used footwear, it's likely they're already molded to the last owner's feet. Poor-fitting shoes are not only uncomfortable but can cause all sorts of health problems, as well.

17. Hats: Hats are likely not cleaned before they're resold or donated. If you buy a used hat, you don't know if you're also getting skin infections, old sweat stains, hair products, and other cringe-worthy remnants. Now that's a deal you don't want.

18. Makeup: A good thing to remember about used makeup is that it's a breeding ground for bacteria and a number of contagious diseases. The great deal you found may come with pink eye and cold sores. Instead of buying used, consider making your own beauty products (it's easier than you think) or skip makeup altogether.

19. Pet supplies: Old stains and odors continue to ferment even if used pet supplies are sitting around in storage. If cleanliness is ever an issue, just say no.

20. Vacuum cleaners: Vacuums are among the heavy-duty household appliances that tend to get a lot of use and abuse. They can also cost more to fix than if you bought them new right from the start.
Source:http://shopping.yahoo.com

Tuesday, June 8, 2010

Apple iPhone 4 Razzles and Dazzles

By: Lance Ulanoff

Yesterday's WWDC keynote proves, once again, that Steve Jobs really knows how to put on a show.
In the end, the phone Apple launched this week—a vastly redesigned iPhone 4—is very much like the one that got Gizmodo into all that hot water. Yet, for as much as we already knew—and thought we knew—about this new iPhone, the announcement was still dazzling.
Certainly, Steve Jobs is among the industry's best showman. Of course, it does help to have something significant to show off. Lately, I think Microsoft's Steve Ballmer has too often found himself without much to talk about. Consequently, when he takes the stage, things just get weird. He's not a ringmaster like Steve Jobs.
Yesterday, Jobs showed off the new iPhone 4. (It's not the iPhone HD or the iPhone 4G (as we thought it might be), though it is, to a certain extent, both of those.) Jobs' WWDC keynote was focused like a laser on Apple's second-most-important product. This, to me, is the sign of a good showman. Jobs knew that the phone had changed enough both inside and out that he could really and truly play it up—milk this 9.33-millimeter thick product for all it's worth.
The two-hour long razzle dazzle almost made you forget what Apple and Jobs didn't talk about: there was no iPad anything, or news of the still-orphaned Apple TV or any secondary hardware (no iPhone for the Verizon network—but you knew that already). That was all disappointing, though I almost think Jobs decided to give the industry a virtual nuggie: "Yeah, we let bits and pieces of information leak about what we were going to announce, but I'm tired of all you bloggers and other journalists talking about my stuff before I'm ready." Jobs may just have pulled whatever other announcements he was going to do for spite. Seriously, there were one or two parts of the keynote that sounded like clear lead-ups to something else.
Take the new iPhone 4 gyroscope. This little component adds another couple of dimensions of position awareness to the already motion-sensitive iPhone. Steve Jobs demonstrated the iPhone 4's new capabilities with a virtual game of Jengo. It was cool. I honestly believe that he just turned the iPhone and (and the next iPod touch) into a game controller. For what? The new Apple TV game console, of course. Apparently, that discussion is for another day. Once Jobs explained the feature, he glided along to the next major iPhone 4 feature.
Likewise, when it came time to announce one of the biggest upgrades—and the explanation for those two cameras—I saw another surprise product update opportunity. The FaceTime video chat utility is a wonder. It gives you a full-screen view of your caller and puts your head in a little thumbnail on the same screen so, I guess, you don't accidentally make silly faces. Since this is part of the newly renamed iOS 4 (what was iPhone OS 4), I immediately thought about how wonderfully this would work with an iPad—if the iPad had a forward-facing camera, that is. I waited for Steve Jobs to surprise everyone with an iPad update. He did not. In his defense, the newly minted 2 million iPad owners would probably have called for his head. I do, however, expect an iPad with a camera update in the fall or early next year. It simply has to happen.
The other sidelights of yesterday's WWDC keynote were iAds and the aforementioned iOS 4. I'm not sure why Apple went to the trouble of getting Cisco's permission to use this name. Honestly, the reasoning behind the new label escapes me. Does everything in the Apple world have to have an "i" in front of it? Will all outlying products like the Airport Express, MacBooks, and Apple TV follow suit? In any case, most of what Steve Jobs covered in the iOS 4 space was a rerun of Jobs' spring keynote.
We got a closer look at some of the first iAds, and Jobs made the startling claim that his company already has close to a quarter of the mobile display ad market wrapped up. That, of course, doesn't account for text-based mobile ads, which is probably a much, much bigger market.
None of this really matters because I think Apple has a suitably sexy and vastly-upgraded device on its hands. The iPhone 4, which is looking more and more like a mini iPad, has one of the highest resolution screens on the market and battery life and raw power (thanks to Apple's own A4 CPU) sound pretty good, as well. I'm sure we'll find out just how good they are when we test the iPhone 4 in PC Labs.
Nothing, though, was quite as intriguing or, in my opinion, as exciting as the new HD video capabilities. Lots of handheld devices can capture video. Many can share it with relative ease, but virtually none—certainly no smartphone I'm aware of—can also edit video. Apple's decision to port iMovie to the iPhone is a ground-shaking decision. One, it's an indication of the raw power users will find in this thin, handheld device. Two, the mixture of 720p, 30-fps video, iMovie, and the iPhone 4 instantly raises the bar for all smartphones and, especially, Cisco Flip-like video capture devices. No one other thing Apple did offers a clearer indication that the iPhone 4 is really a handheld computer—and a pretty powerful one at that.
Ultimately, Apple's "found" iPhone didn't steal the show. Instead, it was like a long trailer for your favorite summer blockbuster. It doesn't matter how much they showed you, you already bought your ticket.
Source:http://www.pcmag.com

Friday, June 4, 2010

Nokia launches bicycle-powered charger

HELSINKI (AFP) – The world's top mobile phone maker Nokia on Thursday released details of four new cheap phone models and a battery charger powered by the energy generated from riding a bicycle.
The charger, which can be fitted into any Nokia phone with a 2 mm charger jack, uses a dynamo to generate electricity from the movement of the wheels, Nokia said in a statement.
"Bicycles are the most widespread means of transport in many markets around the world, so this is just one more benefit to be gained from an activity people are already doing," Alex Lambeek, Vice President at Nokia, said in the statement.
The price of the charger kit, which also includes a holder for securing the phone to the bicycle, will vary according to market, but in countries like Kenya, where the product was introduced on Thursday, it would be around 15 euros (18.43 dollars), a Nokia spokesman told AFP.
To begin charging, a cyclist needs to travel around six kilometres per hour (four miles per hour), and while charging times will vary depending on battery model, a 10 minute journey at 10 kmh produces around 28 minutes of talk time or 37 hours of standby time, the spokesman said. The faster you ride, the more battery life you generate.
The charger is set to become available through selected retailers and the company's online store before year-end, Nokia said.
The four new phones it also introduced in Kenya on Thursday target developing markets, a key growth area for the Finnish company, and also contain features designed for the needs of people in countries where access to electricity is limited, such as a six-week battery standby time.
Shipments of the phone models, priced at 30-45 euros, will begin by September.
Source:http://news.yahoo.com

Nokia unveils 4 cheap phones

By Tarmo Virki, European technology correspondent

Nokia Oyj unveiled on Thursday four new cheap phone models, and a first bicycle charger from the world's top cellphone maker, aiming to protect its dominant market share on emerging markets.
Nokia controls more than 50 percent of phone sales in India and Africa, and has a strong prosition on most other emerging markets.
"Tens of millions of these products will be sold, but competition is intensifying as Chinese vendors aggressively target the ultra low cost segment," said Ben Wood, director of research at CCS Insight.
"With all the focus on its smartphone woes it is easy to forget that Nokia is a power house in entry level products."
Nokia has struggled to keep up with rivals like Apple and RIM in the high-end of the market, and its ailing smartphone offering has hurt the stock price over the last few months.
The four new simple phone models sales prices, excluding possible operators subsidies and local taxes, range from 30 euros ($36.9) to 45 euros.
Two of the new phones, including the cheapest 30 euro model, will enable usage of two different SIM cards -- helping sharing a phone between family members or friends.
Nokia introduced also its first bicycle charger, targeting especially consumers with limited access to electricity, and it will go on sale for roughly 15 euros price, depending on market, later this year, said a company spokesman.
Source:http://news.yahoo.com

Saturday, May 29, 2010

How the World Cup will benefit Africa



It is exactly two weeks to the commencement of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. It will be the biggest football event to be held on African soil for some time to come.

As the 32 national team managers and their 736 players prepare to land in South Africa to battle for the 18-carat gold World Cup trophy, the air of expectation is thick around the continent.

Already, the South African government, which reportedly spent about $ 4.6 billion on infrastructure including the renovation and construction of 10 breath-taking stadia, is looking forward to welcoming the world to the football festival, which begins in Johannesburg on June 11.

As is always the case with the hosting of events of this magnitude, there are national expectations beyond South Africa’s hopes of doing well on the field of play. Hopes of return on investment even if on a long-term basis, fuel the South African government’s desire to pump resources into ensuring that it produces a successful tournament.

For South Africa, which has had to revise projections for a number of variables, particularly the original figure of 450,000 for international spectators expected, scaled down first to 350,000 and now to a little above 200,000, hosting the World Cup will leave a lasting legacy beyond the excellent sporting facilities that have been made available and the new jobs that have been created.

Thandiwe January McLean, head of South African Tourism told a foreign newspaper recently that:

“This World Cup offers our industry and nation a rich legacy. We should not see the World Cup as one event that solves all economic issues, but rather an opportunity to refine the way we do things and create a legacy for the future.” In economic terms, there have been projections that as much as $2 billion will flow into South Africa’s tourism industry. An additional $1.1 billion is expected through the retailers in and around the various match venues and city centres.

The hosting of the World Cup on African soil will also have implications for businesses in different part of the continent, especially for the countries participating in the tournament. Nigeria, for instance, will, in the words of Sani Lulu, President of Nigeria Football Federation (NFF), “showcase Nigeria and its enormous potential via a Nigeria village at the World Cup”. Businessmen and women in the country are already looking forward to the kick off of the tournament where they hope to close deals and establish new business connections.

For African airlines, the World Cup will have a significant effect on the balance sheet. Even though exact figures cannot be established at this stage, Africans within the continent who want to witness the tournament live have started making flight arrangements, a development that is bound to push sales figures a notch higher.

Overall, one benefit of a successful hosting of the tournament by South Africa will be the feeling of a sense of accomplishment that despite the negative criticisms from the western media, Africans are able to pull off the organisation of a tournament of such magnitude. It will certainly help to strengthen the case for another African shot at hosting in the not too distant future.

Source: http://234next.com

Monday, May 24, 2010

Mark Zuckerberg pledges easier privacy

Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg has admitted that Facebook "missed the mark" over recent privacy concerns.

In a column in the Washington Post newspaper, he said the social network would soon make changes to users' privacy options.

The move may placate some of the growing band of members who had pledged to quit the social network on 31 May.

"Sometimes we move too fast - and after listening to recent concerns, we're responding," wrote Mr Zuckerberg.

"The biggest message we have heard recently is that people want easier control over their information.

"Simply put, many of you thought our controls were too complex. Our intention was to give you lots of granular controls; but that may not have been what many of you wanted. We just missed the mark," he wrote.

The technology blogger Robert Scoble also published, with permission, an e-mail exchange with Mr Zuckerberg from the weekend, in which the Facebook CEO admitted "we've made a bunch of mistakes".

Privacy concerns
Facebook has faced increasing criticism from US civil liberties advocates, consumer groups and lawmakers. European Union data protection officials described recent privacy changes as "unacceptable".

Mr Zuckerberg's admission also comes after Facebook said on Friday 21 May that it had changed how it shared data with advertisers on the site.

The Wall Street Journal had highlighted how under certain circumstances Facebook had been sending the user name or ID of the person clicking on an advert to the relevant advertiser.

"We fixed this case as soon as we heard about it," a Facebook spokesperson told the Wall Street Journal.

Mr Zuckerberg did not offer a date on which the new settings would be implemented, but said the social network was "working hard to make these changes available as soon as possible".

However, it remains to be seen whether Facebook has done enough to change the minds of a growing band of users who had said they would quit the social network.

The quitfacebookday website records that more than 13,500 Facebook members have committed to deleting their profiles on 31 May 2010.

Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk

5 Easy ways to keep hackers at bay

THE Web is a fount of information, a busy marketplace, a thriving social scene — and a den of criminal activity.

Criminals have found abundant opportunities to undertake stealthy attacks on ordinary Web users that can be hard to stop, experts say. Hackers are lacing Web sites — often legitimate ones — with so-called malware, which can silently infiltrate visiting PCs to steal sensitive personal information and then turn the computers into “zombies” that can be used to spew spam and more malware onto the Internet.

At one time, virus attacks were obvious to users, said Alan Paller, director of research at the SANS Institute, a training organization for computer security professionals. He explained that now, the attacks were more silent. “Now it’s much, much easier infecting trusted Web sites,” he said, “and getting your zombies that way.”

And there are myriad lures aimed at conning people into installing nefarious programs, buying fake antivirus software or turning over personal information that can be used in identity fraud.

“The Web opened up a lot more opportunities for attacking” computer users and making money, said Maxim Weinstein, executive director of StopBadware, a nonprofit consumer advocacy group that receives funding from Google, PayPal, Mozilla and others.

Google says its automated scans of the Internet recently turned up malware on roughly 300,000 Web sites, double the number it recorded two years ago. Each site can contain many infected pages. Meanwhile, Malware doubled last year, to 240 million unique attacks, according to Symantec, a maker of security software. And that does not count the scourge of fake antivirus software and other scams.

So it is more important than ever to protect yourself. Here are some basic tips for thwarting them.

Protect the Browser

The most direct line of attack is the browser, said Vincent Weafer, vice president of Symantec Security Response. Online criminals can use programming flaws in browsers to get malware onto PCs in “drive-by” downloads without users ever noticing.

Internet Explorer and Firefox are the most targeted browsers because they are the most popular. If you use current versions, and download security updates as they become available, you can surf safely. But there can still be exposure between when a vulnerability is discovered and an update becomes available, so you will need up-to-date security software as well to try to block any attacks that may emerge, especially if you have a Windows PC.

It can help to use a more obscure browser like Chrome from Google, which also happens to be the newest browser on the market and, as such, includes some security advances that make attacks more difficult.

Get Adobe Updates

Most consumers are familiar with Adobe Reader, for PDF files, and Adobe’s Flash Player. In the last year, a virtual epidemic of attacks has exploited their flaws; almost half of all attacks now come hidden in PDF files, Mr. Weafer said. “No matter what browser you’re using,” he said, “you’re using the PDF Reader, you’re using the Adobe Flash Player.”

Part of the problem is that many computers run old, vulnerable versions. But as of April, it has become easier to get automatic updates from Adobe, if you follow certain steps.

To update Reader, open the application and then select “Help” and “Check for Updates” from the menu bar. Since April, Windows users have been able to choose to get future updates automatically without additional prompts by clicking “Edit” and “Preferences,” then choosing “Updater” from the list and selecting “Automatically install updates.” Mac users can arrange updates using a similar procedure, though Apple requires that they enter their password each time an update is installed.

Adobe said it did not make silent automatic updates available previously because many users, especially at companies, were averse to them. To get the latest version of Flash Player, visit Abobe’s Web site.

Any software can be vulnerable. Windows PC users can identify vulnerable or out-of-date software using Secunia PSI, a free tool that scans machines and alerts users to potential problems.

Beware Malicious Ads

An increasingly popular way to get attacks onto Web sites people trust is to slip them into advertisements, usually by duping small-time ad networks. Malvertising, as this practice is known, can exploit software vulnerabilities or dispatch deceptive pop-up messages.

A particularly popular swindle involves an alert that a virus was found on the computer, followed by urgent messages to buy software to remove it. Of course, there is no virus and the security software, known as scareware, is fake. It is a ploy to get credit card numbers and $40 or $50. Scareware accounts for half of all malware delivered in ads, up fivefold from a year ago, Google said.

Closing the pop-up or killing the browser will usually end the episode. But if you encounter this scam, check your PC with trusted security software or Microsoft’s free Malicious Software Removal Tool. If you have picked up something nasty, you are in good company; Microsoft cleaned scareware from 7.8 million PCs in the second half of 2009, up 47 percent from the 5.3 million in the first half, the company said.

Another tool that can defend against malvertising, among other Web threats, is K9 Web Protection, free from Blue Coat Systems. Though it is marketed as parental-control software, K9 can be configured to look only for security threats like malware, spyware and phishing attacks — and to bark each time it stops one.

Poisoned Search Results

Online criminals are also trying to manipulate search engines into placing malicious sites toward the top of results pages for popular keywords. According to a recent Google study, 60 percent of malicious sites that embed hot keywords try to distribute scareware to the computers of visitors.

Google and search engines like Microsoft’s Bing are working to detect malicious sites and remove them from their indexes. Free tools like McAfee’s SiteAdvisor and the Firefox add-on Web of Trust can also help — warning about potentially dangerous links.

Antisocial Media

Attackers also use e-mail, instant messaging, blog comments and social networks like Facebook and Twitter to induce people to visit their sites.

It’s best to accept “friend” requests only from people you know, and to guard your passwords. Phishers are trying to filch login information so they can infiltrate accounts, impersonate you to try to scam others out of money and gather personal information about you and your friends.

Also beware the Koobface worm, variants of which have been taking aim at users of Facebook and other social sites for more than a year. It typically promises a video of some kind and asks you to download a fake multimedia-player codec to view the video. If you do so, your PC is infected with malware that turns it into a zombie (making it part of a botnet, or group of computers, that can spew spam and malware across the Internet).

But most important, you need to keep your wits about you. Criminals are using increasingly sophisticated ploys, and your best defense on the Web may be a healthy level of suspicion.

Source: http://finance.yahoo.com